Niaina Rakotosamimanana Poster 2024

niaina rakotosamimanana

Dr Niaina Rakotosamimanana

Pasteur Institute of Madagascar, Madagascar

RISK6 and Sweeney3 Human Blood Transcriptomic Signatures Evaluation for Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment Monitoring

 

Poster Abstract

There is a crucial need for non-sputum-based TB tests. Here, we evaluate the performance of RISK6 and Sweeney3, two human-blood transcriptomic signatures, for TB screening, triage and treatment monitoring. They were respectively evaluated in a multicentre prospective nested case–control study conducted in Bangladesh, Georgia, Lebanon and Madagascar, adult non-immunocompromised patients with bacteriologically confirmed active pulmonary TB (ATB), latent TB infection (LTBI) and healthy donors (HD). ATB patients were followed-up during and after treatment.

Their performances were also compared to that of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus. RISK6 and Sweeney scores were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR and evaluated by area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC AUC). Sweeney-3 and RISK6 performances to discriminate ATB from HD reached an AUC of 0.70 to 0.90 (95% CI 0.60–0.99), with about 90% sensitivity and 87.8% specificity, thus achieving or not the minimal WHO target product profile for a non-sputum-based TB screening test depending on the targeted population. While, RISK6 yielded an AUC of 0.93 (95% CI 0.85–1) with 90.9% sensitivity and 88.5% specificity the Sweeney-3 had worse performance for discriminating ATB from LTBI. Finally, both signature scores were significantly different prior and after TB treatment. These human blood transcriptomic signatures are promising as a triage TB test and for treatment monitoring.     

 

Biography

Niaina Rakotosamimanana obtained his PhD in microbiology in 2010 from the University of Antananarivo Madagascar and the Sorbonne University, Paris, France. He has been working on TB at the Institut Pasteur de Madagascar since 2010. He is currently leading the Mycobacteriolgy Unit and is in charge of the TB research program which includes translational and operational research programs that aimed to develop new TB diagnostic tools and perform drug resistance surveillance in collaboration with the National Tuberculosis Control Program of Madagascar. He has participated in several studies of TB in animals in Madagascar, both those intended for human consumption and those of wildlife.